Numbers 31
Moses final battleverses 1-2
And the LORD spoke to Moses
saying
AVENGE the children of Israel of the Midianites
afterward shall you be gathered to your people
Moses attacked Midianitesverses 3-8
And Moses spoke to the people
saying
Arm some of yourselves to the war
and let them go against the Midianites
and AVENGE the LORD of Midian
Of every tribe a thousand – throughout all the tribes of Israel
shall you send to the war
So there were delivered out of the thousands of Israel
a thousand of every tribe – twelve thousand armed for war
And Moses sent them to the war – a thousand of every tribe
them and Phinehas – the son of Eleazar the priest – to the war
with the HOLY instruments
and the trumpets to blow in his hand
And they warred against the Midianites – as the LORD
commanded Moses – and they slew all the males
And they slew the kings of Midian
beside the rest of them that were slain
namely – Evi – Rekem – Zur – Hur – Reba
the five kings of Midian
and Balaam also the son of Beor they slew with the sword
Booty of the war brought to campverses 9-12
And the children of Israel took all the WOMEN of Midian captives
and their little ones – and took the spoil of all their cattle
and all their flocks – and all their goods
And they burnt all their cities wherein they dwelt
and all their goodly castles with fire
And they took all the spoil – and all the prey – both of men and of beasts
and they brought the captives – and the prey – and the spoil
to Moses and Eleazar the priest
to the congregation of the children of Israel
to the camp at the plains of Moab
which are by Jordan near Jericho
Moses and Eleazar met the armyverses 13-14
And Moses – and Eleazar the priest
and all the princes of the congregation
went forth to meet them without the camp
And Moses was wroth with the officers of the host
with the captains over thousands
and captains over hundreds
which came from the battle
Moses commands them to killverses 15-18
And Moses
said to them
Have you saved all the women alive?
BEHOLD – these caused the children of Israel
through the counsel of Balaam
to commit trespass against the LORD
in the matter of Peor
and there was a plague among the
congregation of the LORD
NOW therefore kill every male among the little ones
and kill every woman that hath known man
by lying with him
BUT all the women children
that have not known a man by lying with him
keep alive for yourselves
Moses commanded purificationverses 19-24
AND do you abide without the camp seven days
whosoever has killed any person
whosoever has touched any slain
purify both yourselves and your captives
on the third day – and on the seventh day
And purify all your raiment – and all that is made of skins
and all work of goats’ hair – and all things made of wood
And Eleazar the priest
said to the men of war which went to the battle
This is the ordinance of the law which the LORD commanded Moses
only the gold – silver – brass – iron – tin – lead
Every thing that may abide the fire
you shall make it go through the fire – and it shall be clean
nevertheless shall be purified with the
water of separation
and all that abides not the fire you shall make
go through the water
And you shall wash your clothes on the seventh day
and you shall be clean
and afterward you shall come into the camp
Instructions regarding counting of bootyverses 25-31
And the LORD spoke to Moses saying
Take the sum of the prey that was taken – both of man and of beast
you – Eleazar the priest – the chief fathers of the congregation
and divide the prey into two parts
between them that took the war on them
who went out to battle
and between all the congregation
And levy a tribute to the LORD of the men of war
which went out to battle – one soul of five hundred
both of the persons – beefs – asses – sheep
take it of their half
and give it unto Eleazar the priest
for a heave offering of the LORD
And of the children of Israel’s half
you shall take one portion of the fifty
of the persons – beefs – asses – flocks
of all manner of beasts
and give them to the Levites
which keep the charge of the
tabernacle of the LORD
And Moses and Eleazar the priest did as the LORD commanded Moses
Final tally of bootyverses 32-47
And the booty – being the rest of the prey which the men of war had caught
was six hundred thousand and seventy thousand
and five thousand sheep
And threescore and twelve thousand beefs
threescore and one thousand asses
and thirty and two thousand persons in all
of women that had not known man
by lying with him
And the HALF – which was the portion of them that went out to war
was in number three hundred thousand and seven and
thirty thousand and five hundred sheep
and the LORD’S tribute of the sheep was
six hundred and threescore and fifteen
and the beef were thirty and six thousand
of which the LORD’S tribute was threescore and twelve
and the asses were thirty thousand and five hundred
of which the LORD’S tribute was threescore and one
and the persons were sixteen thousand
of which the LORD’S tribute was thirty and two persons
And Moses gave the tribute – which was the LORD’S heave offering
to Eleazar the priest – as the LORD commanded Moses
And of the children of Israel’s HALF
which Moses divided from the men that warred
(NOW the HALF that pertained unto the congregation was
three hundred thousand and thirty thousand
and seven thousand and five hundred sheep
and threescore and twelve thousand beefs
and threescore and one thousand asses
and sixteen thousand persons)
Even of the children of Israel’s HALF
Moses took one portion of fifty – both of man and of beast
and gave them unto the Levites – which kept the charge
of the tabernacle of the LORD
as the LORD commanded Moses
Officers give gold for their safe returnverses 48-50
And the officers which were over thousands of the host
the captains of thousands and captains of hundreds
came near to Moses
And they
said to Moses
Your servants have taken the sum of the men of war
which are under our charge
and there lacked NOT ONE MAN OF US
We have therefore brought an oblation for the LORD
what every man hath gotten of jewels of gold
chains – bracelets – rings – earrings
tablets – to make an ATONEMENT for our souls
before the LORD
Moses takes gold to Tabernacleverses 51-54
And Moses and Eleazar the priest took the gold of them
even all wrought jewels
And all the gold of the offering that they offered up to the LORD
of the captains of thousands – hundreds
was sixteen thousand seven hundred and fifty shekels
(for the men of war had take spoil – every man for himself)
And Moses and Eleazar the priest took the gold of the
captains of thousands and of hundreds
and brought it into the tabernacle of the congregation
for a MEMORIAL for the children of Israel
before the LORD
COMMENTARY:
DAILY SPIRITUAL BREAKFAST: Young Believers
: 6 And Moses sent them to the war, a thousand of every tribe, them and Phinehas the son of Eleazar the priest, to the war, with the holy instruments, and the trumpets to blow in his hand. (8643 “to blow” [taruw‘ah] means signal, war cry, alarm for war, shout of joy, loud noise, or cry of a voice)
DEVOTION: The trumpets were from the Tabernacle. They went with them to battle to show the presence of the LORD with them. They sounded the trumpets and fought against the Midianites.
The victory was assured because of the command of the LORD to fight and the sounding of the trumpets. The men fought and won the victory that was promised them.
It took trust in the LORD to go to battle with so few against an army that was much larger but this was the first test of their ability to trust the LORD in battle. They had faced other battles but this was the start of them occupying the territory around the Promised Land.
When the LORD sends you into battle you have to depend on HIS strength to give you the victory. Too often we fight battles the LORD has not sent us on. Too often we trust in our own strength went we enter the battle without praying for the leading of the LORD in the battle.
Who are you fighting today? What are you fighting today in your life? There can be people that we need to gain the victory over and we need to do it God’s way not our own. There are circumstances that we need to get settled that we can only do with the power of God.
CHALLENGE: Once we have victory what do we do?
DAILY SPIRITUAL LUNCH: Transitional Believers
: 17 Now therefore kill every male among the little ones, and kill every woman that has known man by lying with him. (4904 “lying” [mishkab] means bedchamber, marriage bed, the act of sexual procreation between a man and woman, sexual relations, or sexual contact.)
DEVOTION: We need to understand the context of these battles for the Promised Land. The children of Israel stayed in Egypt until the iniquity of the Amorites who dwelt in the Promised Land were full.
This means that the nations that were in the Promised Land were living in such a way that it really displeased the LORD. It was like the time period just before the flood when Noah was preaching to the people and they would not listen to the message the LORD was sending them. They didn’t want to change and they couldn’t be around the children of Israel to corrupt them.
God have the command to purify the people. The children of Israel were not to intermarry with other nations. They were not to worship other nation’s gods. They were to keep themselves pure for the LORD.
Here we have every male in the nation of Midian killed to keep the Israelites pure. Here we have all the woman who have known men to be killed to purify the nation. It doesn’t sound good to us but that is what the LORD wanted to keep HIS nation pure.
Today we are instructed by the Bible that Christians should not marry those who are not Christians. This causes the family to be divided when it comes to teaching the children what is right and wrong. Not all unsaved individuals would knowingly tell their children to break the commandments of the LORD but some have no problem doing it by their actions and their words.
Many unsaved individuals use the LORD’S name in vain regularly. Some use words that shouldn’t come out of the mouths of children but some say the words and laugh their children repeat them. I had some teens who thought it would be cute to teach my oldest son to swear. So while we were playing softball on the field they would go to my son and teach him words he didn’t understand and they wanted him to repeat them. Praise the LORD I learned of it quick and that was ended.
God was protecting HIS people from failure in their obedience to HIM. We need to be obedient. We need to be protective our children and our families. We need to watch what we allow in our house. We need to watch who our children play with on a regular basis.
Today we even need to watch what our children do with all the electronic toys they work on every day. We need to watch what we allow our children to look at on their phones and computers. Every child will have a computer to work on in school at younger and younger ages and we need to keep close taps on what their eyes see and their ears hear.
CHALLENGE: God wants to protect us and we need to work with HIM in all areas of lives.
: 41 And Moses gave the tribute, which was the LORD’S heave offering, to Eleazar the priest, as the LORD commanded Moses. (4371 “tribute” [mekec] means to levy, price, dues, enumerate, an assessment, or tax.)
DEVOTION: Balaam was supposed to curse the children of Israel but the LORD prevented him from doing it. Balak was angry that he came and didn’t curse them. He had offered him a lot of money. Balaam really wanted the money.
He didn’t curse Israel but he told Balak how to compromise Israel. Balaam told him to send his beautiful women out to the camp to seduce the men. It worked. The men married the Midianite women. Not only did they marry them but they worshiped their false gods.
The LORD ordered Moses to send his soldiers in to kill the Midianite people. During the battle Balaam was killed also. The soldiers collected all the spoils of war. This included the women and children.
When they got back to camp Moses and Eleazar met them. Moses was mad. Why? They had brought back some of the women who were married. They also brought back some of the male children who had been a part of the nation.
Moses ordered all the women who had known men to be killed along with all the male children. It was the only way to keep the culture of the Midianites from continuing to influence the children of Israel. False worship would bring curses on the children of Israel.
This was Moses final battle before he was to die. He didn’t want any influence to hinder the children of Israel from entering the Promised Land.
The rest of the spoils was divided between the soldiers and the rest of the nation. The Levites received part of the spoils as well.
The LORD received part of the spoils. The LORD took a portion from every battle. Later in the chapter the soldiers gave a memorial to the LORD because no one died from the army of Israel.
This tribute here was to keep the work of the LORD financed. It was an assessment of a portion of the booty from the war. The people gave it willingly. It was a command of the LORD.
When we win the battle of our daily work, we need to bring a portion back to the LORD. It needs to be given willingly. Sometime we think that the LORD can’t provide enough for our needs. Each pay period we sometimes think that there are more bills than there is money to go around. We start wondering if giving to the LORD is the right approach to our bills. We start thinking that if we paid the bills off, then we could give more to the LORD.
The LORD wants us to depend on HIS wisdom and not on our own. HE wants us to trust HIM to provide for our daily needs. IF we start thinking otherwise, we are asking for the LORD to do something concerning the money we are presently earning. The children of Israel knew the consequences of not giving to the LORD HIS proper due.
Do we realize what we are doing to ourselves when we don’t give the LORD HIS proper portion? This chapter shows that the children of Israel were very grateful for the fact that not one of them died in the battle with the Midianites.
CHALLENGE: Are we grateful for what the LORD is doing in our lives? Has the LORD helped us win a battle? Are we facing another battle right now? HE promises us victory if we are faithful to HIM. Be faithful!!!
DAILY SPIRITUAL SUPPER: Mature Believers
: 50 We have therefore brought an oblation for the LORD, what every man has gotten, of jewels of gold, chains, and bracelets, rings, earrings, and tablets, to make an atonement for our souls before the LORD. (7133 “oblation” [qorban] means offering, gift, or sacrifice.)
DEVOTION: There is a tithe of our regular weekly or monthly income that we need to give to the LORD to show our appreciation for all that HE has done for us. When we go to church each Sunday, if we are paid weekly, we will give ten percent of our income in the offering plate.
Now we have here an instance where the children of Israel went to war and they had the spoils of war that they were bring home with them. This was extra income over and above what they were earning each week.
So here we have them giving another offering over and above what they normally gave to the LORD. They were to give part or ten percent of their income from the booty of war to the LORD.
Today we are no usually going to war as individuals but some in the military receive hazard pay when they are on special assignments over and above normal duty. So this has to be tithed as well to the LORD.
The children of Israel were given this instruction after their battle with the Midianites. The LORD was to be given a tithe of everything. This was the principle that HE demanded of the children of Israel and HE expects of us.
Today we receive a normal paycheck and then if we earn extra from other sources we need to realize that the LORD wants us to give a portion to HIM. This can be hard.
It had to be hard for the soldiers who were returning from battle with all their extra things from the war. However, they were instructed immediately of what the LORD expected of them.
This is all to teach us what the LORD expects of us regarding what we earn and what we gain from other sources. Most people understand this principle but it is hard to practice at times.
CHALLENGE: Remember to give the LORD a tithe or tenth of all you receive throughout the week each week and HE will bless you abundantly.
: 54 And Moses and Eleazar the priest took the gold of the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and brought it into the tabernacle of the congregation, for a memorial for the children of Israel before the LORD. (2146 “memorial” [zikrown] means remembrance, reminder, memento, or record)
DEVOTION: Here we have a record of the officers giving a gift to the Tabernacle of a large amount of gold because the LORD had preserved every soldier that fought alive. No one was lost in this battle against the Midianites. They were a bigger and stronger force than the twelve thousand soldiers of the Israelites.
God had commanded them to go to war with the Midianites because of what had happened with Balaam offering his suggestion that they invite the Israelites to one of their feasts and the men started having relationships with the women and worshipping the false god Baal.
This was the start of the battles against the people that lived in the area of the Promised Land. God gave them a wonderful victory and they were saying “Thank You.”
We need to go to the LORD and say thank you when HE gives us a victory in our life. I just read a story sent by someone who receives the devotionals about the different duties of angels in heaven. The problem at the end of the story was that there were many answered requests sent by believers but very few “thank you” after they were answered.
Do we always go to the LORD with praise when HE sends an answer to our prayers? Have we ever received an unexpected amount of money and thanked the LORD by giving HIM more than a tithe? What message do we send to our children when we receive something extra from the LORD if we don’t show them we appreciate all that HE does for us?
CHALLENGE: We need to be like the soldiers that gave over and above to the LORD because they were thankful for their victory over an enemy.
DISCIPLINES OF THE FAITH:
BODY
Chastity (Purity in living)
Fasting (Time alone with LORD without eating or drinking)
Sacrifice (Giving up something we want to serve the LORD)
Oblationverse 50
Submission (Willing to listen to others and LORD)
Solitude (Going to a quiet place without anyone
SOUL
Fellowship (Gathering together around the Word of God)
Frugality (wise use of resources)
Journalizing (Writing down what you have learned from the LORD)
Study and Meditation (Thinking through your study in the Word)
Secrecy (Doing your good deeds without others knowing but God)
SPIRIT
Celebration (Gathering around a special occasion to worship LORD)
Confession (Tell the LORD we are sorry for our sins on a daily basis)
Prayer (Conversation with God on a personal level)
Silence (Letting the LORD deal with some problems and needs)
Worship (Time to praise the LORD alone or in a group)
Eleazar the priestverses 6, 12, 13, 21, 26, 31, 51, 54
Holy instrumentsverse 6
Trumpetsverse 6
Cleansing of all the gifts for LORDverses 22-24
Purified by fire
Purified by water
Tabernacle of the LORDverses 30, 47, 54
Heave offeringverse 41
Oblation for the LORDverse 50
DOCTRINES OF THE FAITH:
Scripture (66 inerrant books of the Bible)
Ordinance of the Lawverse 21
God the Father (First person of the Godhead)
LORD (Jehovah)verses 1, 3, 7, 16, 21, 25, 29-31, 37- 41, 47, 50, 52, 54
Congregation of the LORDverse 16
Tabernacle of the LORDverses 30, 47
LORD’S tributeverses 37-40
LORD’S heave offeringverse 41
God the Son (Second person of the Godhead – God/man, Messiah)
God the Holy Spirit (Third person of the Godhead – our comforter)
Trinity (Three persons of the Godhead who are co-equal = ONE God)
Angels (Created before the foundation of the world – Good and Evil)
Man (Created on the sixth twenty-four hour period of creation)
Israel at war with Midianitesverses 3-9
Slew the kings of Midian
Women of Midian
Burnt cities of Midian
Took spoils
Balaam slainverse 8
Plains of Moabverse 12
Counsel of Balaamverse 16
Matter of Peorverse 16
Males and women who have known man killedverses 17, 18
Sin (Missing the mark set by God on man and angels)
Saved women aliveverses 15, 16
Trespassverse 16
Salvation (Provided by Christ’s death on the cross for our sins)
Purifyverses 19, 20, 23
Cleanverses 23, 24
Keep the chargeverses 30, 47
Atonementverse 50
Israel (Old Testament people of God)
Mosesverses 1, 3, 6, 7, 12-15, 21, 25, 31, 41, 47-49, 51, 54
Avengeverse 2
Children of Israelverses 2, 9, 16, 42, 54
Arm yourselves for warverses 3, 4
Tribes of Israelverse 4
Twelve thousand armed for warverse 5
Phinehas the son of Eleazar the priestverse 6
Congregation of the children of Israelverses 12, 16
Princes of the congregationverse 13
Congregation of the LORDverse 16
All who have killed – uncleanverse 19
Chief fathers of the congregationverse 26
Divide prey in two partsverses 27-54
Those who went to war
All the congregation
Booty listed
Tribute unto the LORDverses 28, 37-41
Heave offering to the LORDverses 29, 41
Tabernacle of the LORDverses 30, 47
Memorialverse 54
Church (New Testament people of God)
Last Things (Future Events)
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QUOTES regarding passage
The division of the spoil was to be made in two sections, one for those who had fought in the war and the other for the rest of the congregation. The two halves were equal, but their distribution was deliberately unequal—there were far fewer soldiers than those who remained in the camp. Yet it was the soldiers who had risked their lives; so theirs is the larger personal share. The term used for soldiers in v.27 is indicative of the type of man who had been called to serve in the elite corps. They are described as tōp̱eśê hammilḥāmāh (“those who are skilled for battle”; cf. Jer 2:8, “those who deal with the law”).
Before the men of war could enjoy the spoil that was their allotment, there first had to be a tax set apart that was to be given to the Lord. The ratio in this case was one of five hundred. Again, the soldiers who had risked their lives received larger personal shares (as they were a smaller collective unit than the vast numbers of the congregation), but their share to the Lord was also smaller than the share that was demanded of the people. The proportion to be given to the Lord is termed a “tax” or a “tribute” (v.28, meḵes from the verb kāsas, “to compute”; see Exod 12:4). This tribute was given to Eleazar the priest as a sacred offering (terûmāh) to the Lord (v.29). (Allen, R. B. (1990). Numbers. In F. E. Gaebelein (Ed.), The Expositor’s Bible Commentary: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers (Vol. 2, p. 970). Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House.)
The spoils of battle (vv. 25–47). The people and animals that Israel took as spoils of war were distributed three ways: the soldiers got half, the people in the camp got half, and both the soldiers and the people gave a percentage to the Lord. After all, it was the Lord who gave them the victory. The soldiers were commanded to bring 1 person or animal out of 500, a total of 840; and the community was to bring 1 person or animal out of 50, which totaled 8,400. These animals and people were given to Eleazar the high priest to be used for the tabernacle ministry. The women were given tasks to perform to assist the priests and Levites (Ex. 38:8; 1 Sam. 2:22), from whom, we trust, they learned to know and obey the true and living God of Israel. (Wiersbe, W. W. (1999). Be counted (p. 135). Colorado Springs, CO: Chariot Victor Pub.)
25–30. The booty is shared equally between those who fought in the battle and those who stayed behind (cf. 1 Sam. 30:24–25). The priests, however, receive one five-hundredth of the warriors’ share, and the Levites one fiftieth of the congregation’s share. This fits in with the 10:1 ratio of the tithes (18:26). (Wenham, G. J. (1981). Numbers: an introduction and commentary (Vol. 4, p. 237). Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press)
31:25–47. All captives and goods were then to be divided according to a strict formula. On the dividing of the Midianite spoils see the accompanying chart. In addition to these extensive animal spoils, the soldiers took 16,000 virgin women out of 32,000 and gave 32 over to the Lord (vv. 35, 40). These 32 women must have functioned somehow as slaves to the priests or tabernacle (cf. 1 Sam. 2:22). (Merrill, E. H. (1985). Numbers. In J. F. Walvoord & R. B. Zuck (Eds.), The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition of the Scriptures (Vol. 1, p. 251). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.)
Ver. 27. And divide the prey into two parts, &c.] Into two equal parts, both the number of the people and of the cattle, when taken; between them that took the war upon them, and went out to battle; the soldiers; and by this it appears that they went voluntarily and cheerfully: and between all the congregation; so that the part of them that went to battle, and of those that stayed in the camp, were alike, and which in process of time became a statute and ordinance, 1 Sam. 30:24, 25 see Psal. 68:12.
Ver. 28. And levy a tribute unto the Lord of the men of war, which went out to battle, &c.] That is, out of the part of the prey which was divided to them: one soul of 500, both of the persons; or one woman of 500, as the Targum of Jonathan: and of the beeves, and of the asses, and of the sheep; that is, one out of 500, of each of them also.
Ver. 29. And take it of their half, &c.] Of the half part of the prey divided to the soldiers: and give it unto Eleazar the priest for an heave-offering of the Lord; by way of thanksgiving for the success and victory God had given them, by means of which so much booty had fallen into their hands. (Gill, J. (1810). An Exposition of the Old Testament (Vol. 1, p. 852). London: Mathews and Leigh.)
31:25–47 Dividing the Spoils. The initial division of the spoil of war was that half went to the soldiers and half to those who stayed behind (v. 27; cf. 1 Sam. 30:24). From their share of the spoils the soldiers had to give one-five-hundredth to the priests, and from their share the people had to give one-fiftieth to the Levites. Thus one-tenth of one percent of the total spoil went to the priests and one percent went to the Levites. A similar ratio is decreed in Num. 18:26 for the distribution of the tithes: the Levites give one-tenth of the tithe to the priests. (Crossway Bibles. (2008). The ESV Study Bible (p. 315). Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles.)
31:25–47 The balance of the chapter details the division of the plunder. The numbers are huge, suggesting a great victory. The division among those who had gone to war and those who had not set a standard for future battles. The portion that was to be regarded as the Lord’s also became a standard. (Radmacher, E. D., Allen, R. B., & House, H. W. (1999). Nelson’s new illustrated Bible commentary (p. 227). Nashville: T. Nelson Publishers.)
FROM MY READING:
(Remember the only author that I totally agree with is the HOLY SPIRIT in the inerrant WORD OF GOD called THE BIBLE! All other I try to gleam what I can to help me grow in the LORD!!)
When it is said, “for a memorial for the children of Israel,” it may be taken either actively or passively; viz., either that the gift may be a monument of their gratitude, or that it might conciliate favour for the people in the eyes of God; as if that offering of expiation brought before God, and represented, all those who thus professed themselves to be preserved by His grace. (Calvin, J., & Bingham, C. W. (2010). Commentaries on the Four Last Books of Moses Arranged in the Form of a Harmony (Vol. 4, p. 278). Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software.)
to make an atonement for our souls before the Lord] Cp. Ex. 30:11–16. The atonement was not for any special offence committed (which would have called for a sacrifice of blood-shedding), but rather like the half-shekel given at the census in Ex. l. c., was an acknowledgment of having received undeserved mercies. These, if unacknowledged, would have entailed guilt on the soul. (Barnes, A. (1879). Notes on the Old Testament: Exodus to Ruth. (F. C. Cook & J. M. Fuller, Eds.) (pp. 254–255). London: John Murray.)
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